见血封喉乳汁中具有细胞毒活性的强心苷

从见血封喉(Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch.)乳汁分离得到4个强心苷类化合物,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为：毒毛旋花子爪哇糖苷(1)、铃兰毒苷(2)、毒毛旋花子阿洛糖苷(3)和glucostrophanthidin (4)。化合物4为首次从见血封喉中分离得到。细胞毒活性测定结果表明,化合物1~4对慢性髓原白血病细胞(K562)、人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901)和人肝癌细胞(SMMC-7721)的增殖均显示了较强的生长抑制活性。     

Structural variations and spectroscopic properties of copper(I) complexes with bis(schiff base) ligands

Six copper(I) complexes {[Cu₂(L1)(PPh₃)₂I₂] · 2CH₂Cl₂}_n (1), {[Cu₂(L2)(PPh₃)₂]BF₄}_n (2), [Cu₂(L3)(PPh₃)₄I₂] · 2CH₂Cl₂ (3), [Cu₂(L4)(PPh₃)₄I₂] (4), [Cu₂(L5)(PPh₃)₂I₂] (5) and [Cu₂(L6)(PPh₃)₂I₂] (6) have been prepared by reactions of bis(schiff base) ligands: pyridine-4-carbaldehyde azine (L1), 1,2-bis(4′-pyridylmethyleneamino)ethane (L2), pyridine-3-carbaldehyde azine (L3), 1,2-bis(3′-pyridylmethyleneamino)ethane (L4), pyridine-2-carbaldehyde azine (L5), 1,2-bis(2′-pyridylmethyleneamino)ethane (L6) with PPh₃ and copper(I) salt, respectively. Ligand L1 or L2 links (PPh₃)₂Cu₂(μ-I)₂ units to form an infinite coordination polymer chain. Ligand 3 or 4 acts as a monodentate ligand to coordinate two copper(I) atoms yielding a dimer. Ligand 5 or 6 chelates two copper(I) atoms using pyridyl nitrogen and imine nitrogen to form a dimer. Complexes 1-4 exhibit photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. The emission has been attributed to be intraligand π-π* transition mixed with MLCT characters.     

外源信号物质对肉苁蓉种子萌发与吸器形成内源激素水平变化的影响

利用外源信号物质氟草敏（norflurazon）和2,6-二甲氧基对苯醌（2,6-DMBQ）分别诱导肉苁蓉种子萌发与吸器形成,研究它们在此过程中对内源激素脱落酸（ABA）、赤霉素（GA3）、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、玉米素核苷（ZR）水平变化的影响。结果表明：在诱导肉苁蓉种子萌发时,经norflurazon处理0～168h后,种子中ABA水平呈现显著降低的变化趋势,GA3、IAA、ZR水平呈现显著升高的变化趋势。在诱导肉苁蓉种子萌发体吸器形成时,经2,6-DMBQ处理0～72h后,肉苁蓉种子萌发体ABA水平变化不显著,GA3、IAA、ZR水平均呈现显著升高的变化趋势。表明在肉苁蓉种子萌发与吸器形成中外源信号物质nor-flurazon和2,6-DMBQ能影响内源激素水平的变化。     

Application of a novel thermostable NAD(P)H oxidase from hyperthermophilic archaeon for the regeneration of both NAD⁺ and NADP⁺

A novel thermostable NAD(P)H oxidase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis KOD1 (TkNOX) catalyzes oxidation of NADH and NADPH with oxygen from atmospheric air as an electron acceptor. Although the optimal temperature of TkNOX is >90°C, it also shows activity at 30°C. This enzyme was used for the regeneration of both NADP(+) and NAD(+) in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-catalyzed enantioselective oxidation of racemic 1-phenylethanol. NADP(+) regeneration at 30°C was performed by TkNOX coupled with (R)-specific ADH from Lactobacillus kefir, resulting in successful acquisition of optically pure (S)-1-phenylethanol. The use of TkNOX with moderately thermostable (S)-specific ADH from Rhodococcus erythropolis enabled us to operate the enantioselective bioconversion accompanying NAD(+) regeneration at high temperatures. Optically pure (R)-1-phenylethanol was successfully obtained by this system after a shorter reaction time at 45-60°C than that at 30°C, demonstrating an advantage of the combination of thermostable enzymes. The ability of TkNOX to oxidize both NADH and NADPH with remarkable thermostability renders this enzyme a versatile tool for regeneration of the oxidized nicotinamide cofactors without the need for extra substrates other than dissolved oxygen from air.     

Identification of candidate biomarkers for early detection of human lung squamous cell cancer by quantitative proteomics

To discover novel biomarkers for early detection of human lung squamous cell cancer (LSCC) and explore possible mechanisms of LSCC carcinogenesis, iTRAQ-tagging combined with two dimensional liquid chromatography tandem MS analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in human bronchial epithelial carcinogenic process using laser capture microdissection-purified normal bronchial epithelium (NBE), squamous metaplasia (SM), atypical hyperplasia (AH), carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive LSCC. As a result, 102 differentially expressed proteins were identified, and three differential proteins (GSTP1, HSPB1 and CKB) showing progressively expressional changes in the carcinogenic process were selectively validated by Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of the three proteins in an independent set of paraffin-embedded archival specimens including various stage tissues of bronchial epithelial carcinogenesis, and their ability for early detection of LSCC was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The results showed that the combination of the three proteins could perfectly discriminate NBE from preneoplastic lesions (SM, AH and CIS) from invasive LSCC, achieving a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 92% in discriminating NBE from preneoplatic lesions, a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98% in discriminating NBE from invasive LSCC, and a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 91% in discriminating preneoplastic lesions from invasive LSCC, respectively. Furthermore, we knocked down GSTP1 in immortalized human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE cells, and then measured their susceptibility to carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene-induced cell transformation. The results showed that GSTP1 knockdown significantly increased the efficiency of benzo(a)pyrene-induced 16HBE cell transformation. The present data first time show that GSTP1, HSPB1 and CKB are novel potential biomarkers for early detection of LSCC, and GSTP1 down-regulation is involved in human bronchial epithelial carcinogenesis.     

马铃薯杂种F1的SSR鉴定

为选育抗黑痣病、高产优质的马铃薯新品种,选用引进品种‘大西洋’分别与‘陇薯6号’、‘陇薯7号’杂交,获得了杂种F1代,利用SSR标记技术对‘大西洋’与‘陇薯6号’的42个杂种F1、‘大西洋’与‘陇薯7号’的9个杂种F1单株进行了鉴定。从59对SSR引物中筛选出2对在亲本间存在差异、扩增稳定、条带清晰的引物S184和STM1049,用于‘大西洋’ב陇薯6号’杂种F1、‘大西洋’ב陇薯7号’杂种F1及其亲本的基因组DNA扩增。SSR带型分析显示,杂种F1的SSR带型呈双亲互补型、缺失型、父本型和母本型4类,依据带型特征鉴定出供试的51个马铃薯杂种F1单株均为真杂种,表明SSR分子标记技术用于马铃薯杂种真实性鉴定是可行的。该研究可为进一步开展马铃薯杂交后代目标性状优异株系选育提供依据。     

寿竹的秆形特征及纤维形态研究

为探讨寿竹(Phyllostachys reticulata ‘Shouzhu’ Yi)的材质特性,分析寿竹的造纸性能, 以毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)和慈竹(Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung)为对照,对重庆市梁平县寿竹秆形结构的垂直变化、材积与生物量以及纤维形态特征进行研究。结果表明,寿竹秆的节间长度随竹高度呈现先长后短的变化趋势,直径与壁厚均随竹秆高度的增加而逐渐减小。寿竹材积的模型为V=0.000939H+0.001861D-0.01374,生物量模型为W=1.297D+2.053H-16.666。寿竹纤维长度平均为2.47 mm,以2~3 mm分布最多,长宽比大于100,属于制作优良纸张的较好纤维;纤维壁腔比较大,达3.85。相对毛竹而言,寿竹竹秆的节间长度更长,垂直方向上材积分布更加均匀,纤维长、长宽比大。寿竹与慈竹的纤维长度差异不大,但纤维长宽比小于慈竹,壁腔比大于慈竹。寿竹节间长,垂直分布均匀,材积和生物量大,是优良的板材利用原料;寿竹纤维长,长宽比大,是优良的造纸原料,造纸性能优于毛竹略次于慈竹。     

玉米根系分布空间和空间密度分布的数学模型

应用重积分研究了土壤层中散根型和直根型玉米根系的分布空间,同时研究了玉米根系的空间密度分布．     

刀孢轮枝菌胞外几丁质酶的基因克隆及系统发育分析

食线虫真菌是植物寄生线虫的重要天敌,它们所产生的胞外水解酶(蛋白酶、几丁质酶和胶原蛋白酶等)能够降解线虫体壁和卵壳中的蛋白质及几丁质等结构成分并在侵染过程中发挥着重要的作用。本文中,我们发现刀孢轮枝菌Lecanicillium psalliotae对南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita卵具有较强的侵染能力。为了进一步研究刀孢轮枝菌胞外几丁质酶的性质,我们通过简并引物设计和DNA walking方法从刀孢轮枝菌的基因组中成功地克隆得到一个内切几丁质酶基因Lpchi1,该几丁质酶编码基因含有3个内含子,编码423个氨基酸。同源性和系统发育分析表明,不同生防真菌来源的几丁质酶具有较高的同源性并根据分子量的大小形成三个不同的进化分枝。